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1Then Pilate took Jesus and flogged him.[#Matt. 20:19; 27:26; Mark 15:15; Luke 23:16]
2And the soldiers twisted together a crown of thorns and put it on his head and arrayed him in a purple robe.[#Matt. 27:27-30; Mark 15:16-19]
3They came up to him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and struck him with their hands.
4Pilate went out again and said to them, “See, I am bringing him out to you that you may know that I find no guilt in him.”[#6; 18:38]
5So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, “Behold the man!”[#2; #14]
6When the chief priests and the officers saw him, they cried out, “Crucify him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no guilt in him.”[#18:31; #4]
7The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die because he has made himself the Son of God.”[#19:7 Greek probably refers here to Jewish religious leaders, and others under their influence, in that time; also verses 12, 14, 31, 38; #Lev. 24:16; 10:33; #5:17, 18; 10:36; Matt. 26:63; Luke 22:70]
8When Pilate heard this statement, he was even more afraid.[#Matt. 27:19]
9He entered his headquarters again and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no answer.[#18:33; #7:27; #18:37]
10So Pilate said to him, “You will not speak to me? Do you not know that I have authority to release you and authority to crucify you?”
11Jesus answered him, “You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above. Therefore he who delivered me over to you has the greater sin.”[#Rom. 13:1; #18:14, 28-32; Matt. 27:2; #9:41]
12From then on Pilate sought to release him, but the Jews cried out, “If you release this man, you are not Caesar’s friend. Everyone who makes himself a king opposes Caesar.”[#Acts 3:13; #Luke 23:2]
13So when Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called The Stone Pavement, and in Aramaic Gabbatha.[#Matt. 27:19; #19:13 Or Hebrew ; also verses 17, 20]
14Now it was the day of Preparation of the Passover. It was about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Behold your King!”[#18:28Matt. 27:62; #19:14 That is, about noon; #5]
15They cried out, “Away with him, away with him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar.”[#Luke 23:18; Acts 21:36]
16So he delivered him over to them to be crucified.[#Matt. 27:26; Mark 15:15; Luke 23:25; #18:36-40]
So they took Jesus,
17and he went out, bearing his own cross, to the place called The Place of a Skull, which in Aramaic is called Golgotha.[#Matt. 27:33; Mark 15:22; Luke 23:33; #Luke 14:27; Matt. 27:32; Mark 15:21; Luke 23:26]
18There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on either side, and Jesus between them.[#Matt. 27:38; Mark 15:24, 27; Luke 23:32, 33]
19Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross. It read, “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.”[#Matt. 27:37; Mark 15:26; Luke 23:38]
20Many of the Jews read this inscription, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Aramaic, in Latin, and in Greek.[#17; Num. 15:35, 36; Heb. 13:12]
21So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but rather, ‘This man said, I am King of the Jews.’”
22Pilate answered, “What I have written I have written.”[#Gen. 43:14; Esth. 4:16]
23When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they took his garments and divided them into four parts, one part for each soldier; also his tunic. But the tunic was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom,[#Matt. 27:35; Mark 15:24; Luke 23:34; #19:23 Greek , a long garment worn under the cloak next to the skin]
24so they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it to see whose it shall be.” This was to fulfill the Scripture which says,[#13:18]
“They divided my garments among them,
and for my clothing they cast lots.”
So the soldiers did these things,
25but standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.[#Matt. 27:55, 56; Mark 15:40, 41; Luke 23:49]
26When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son!”[#13:23; #2:4]
27Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” And from that hour the disciple took her to his own home.[#16:32]
28After this, Jesus, knowing that all was now finished, said (to fulfill the Scripture), “I thirst.”[#30; #24; #Ps. 69:21; 4:6, 7]
29A jar full of sour wine stood there, so they put a sponge full of the sour wine on a hyssop branch and held it to his mouth.[#Matt. 27:48; Mark 15:36; Luke 23:36]
30When Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished,” and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.[#Acts 13:2917:4; #Matt. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46]
31Since it was the day of Preparation, and so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away.[#14; #Deut. 21:23; Josh. 8:29; 10:26, 27; #Ex. 12:16]
32So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first, and of the other who had been crucified with him.[#18]
33But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs.
34But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once there came out blood and water.[#1 John 5:6, 8]
35He who saw it has borne witness—his testimony is true, and he knows that he is telling the truth—that you also may believe.[#1 John 1:1-3; Rev. 1:2; 15:27; #21:24; #20:31]
36For these things took place that the Scripture might be fulfilled: “Not one of his bones will be broken.”[#Matt. 1:22; #Ex. 12:46; Num. 9:12; 1 Cor. 5:7; #Ps. 34:20]
37And again another Scripture says, “They will look on him whom they have pierced.”[#Zech. 12:10; Rev. 1:7]
38After these things Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus, and Pilate gave him permission. So he came and took away his body.[#Matt. 27:57-61; Mark 15:42-47; Luke 23:50-56; #7:13]
39Nicodemus also, who earlier had come to Jesus by night, came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds in weight.[#3:1, 2; 7:50; #19:39 Greek; #Mark 16:1; Luke 24:1; #Ps. 45:8; Prov. 7:17; Song 4:14; #19:39 Greek ; a (or Roman pound) was equal to about 11 1/2 ounces or 327 grams]
40So they took the body of Jesus and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews.[#11:44; 2 Chr. 16:14; Acts 5:6; #20:5-7; Luke 24:12]
41Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid.[#20:15; #2 Kgs. 21:18, 26; #Luke 23:53; Mark 11:2]
42So because of the Jewish day of Preparation, since the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there.[#14, 31; #41]