Paul and His Opponents

¹I wish that you would be patient with me in a little foolishness, but indeed you are being patient with me!

²For I am jealous for you with godly jealousy, because I promised you in marriage to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ.[#tn That is, to Christ.; #tn Or “chaste.”]

³But I am afraid that just as the serpent deceived Eve by his treachery, your minds may be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ.[#tn Grk “I fear lest somehow.”; #tn Or “the snake.”; #tn Or “craftiness.”; #tn Or “corrupted,” “seduced.”; #tc Although most mss (א2 H Ψ 0121 0243 1739 1881 Ï) lack “and pure” (καὶ τῆς ἁγνότητος, kai th" Jagnothto"; Grk “and purity”) several important and early witnesses (Ì46 א* B D[2] F G 33 81 104 pc ar r co) retain these words. Their presence in such mss across such a wide geographical distribution argues for their authenticity. The omission from the majority of mss can be explained by haplography, since the -τητος ending of ἁγνότητος is identical to the ending of ἁπλότητος (Japlothto", “sincerity”) three words back (ἁπλότητος καὶ τῆς ἁγνότητος); further, since the meanings of “sincerity” and “purity” are similar they might seem redundant. A copyist would scarcely notice the omission because Paul’s statement still makes sense without “and from purity.”]

⁴For if someone comes and proclaims another Jesus different from the one we proclaimed, or if you receive a different spirit than the one you received, or a different gospel than the one you accepted, you put up with it well enough![#tn Or “preaches.”; #tn Grk “another Jesus whom we have not proclaimed.”; #tn Grk “a different spirit which you did not receive.”; #tn Grk “a different gospel which you did not accept.”; #tn Or “you endure it very well.”]

⁵For I consider myself not at all inferior to those “super-apostles.”[#tn The implicit irony in Paul’s remark is brought out well by the TEV: “I do not think that I am the least bit inferior to those very special so-called ‘apostles’ of yours!”sn The ‘super-apostles’ refers either (1) to the original apostles (the older interpretation) or (2) more probably, to Paul’s opponents in Corinth, in which case the designation is ironic.]

⁶And even if I am unskilled in speaking, yet I am certainly not so in knowledge. Indeed, we have made this plain to you in everything in every way.[#sn Unskilled in speaking means not professionally trained as a rhetorician.]

⁷Or did I commit a sin by humbling myself so that you could be exalted, because I proclaimed the gospel of God to you free of charge?[#sn Paul is referring to humbling himself to the point of doing manual labor to support himself.; #tn Or “preached.”]

⁸I robbed other churches by receiving support from them so that I could serve you![#sn That is, serve them free of charge (cf. the end of v. 7).]

⁹When I was with you and was in need, I was not a burden to anyone, for the brothers who came from Macedonia fully supplied my needs. I kept myself from being a burden to you in any way, and will continue to do so.[#tn Grk “you, and when.” A new sentence was started here in the translation.; #tn If the participle ἐλθόντες (elqonte") is taken as temporal rather than adjectival, the translation would be, “for the brothers, when they came from Macedonia, fully supplied my needs” (similar to NASB).; #tn Grk “needs, and I kept.” A new sentence was started here in the translation.]

¹⁰As the truth of Christ is in me, this boasting of mine will not be stopped in the regions of Achaia.[#tn That is, that Paul offers the gospel free of charge to the Corinthians (see 2 Cor 11:7).; #tn Or “silenced.”]

¹¹Why? Because I do not love you? God knows I do![#tn Grk “God knows!” The words “I do” are supplied for clarity. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.]

¹²And what I am doing I will continue to do, so that I may eliminate any opportunity for those who want a chance to be regarded as our equals in the things they boast about.[#tn Grk “an opportunity, so that they may be found just like us.”]

¹³For such people are false apostles, deceitful workers, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ.[#tn Or “dishonest.”; #tn Or “workers, masquerading.”]

¹⁴And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light.[#tn Or “Satan himself masquerades.”]

¹⁵Therefore it is not surprising his servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness, whose end will correspond to their actions.[#tn Or “also masquerade.”; #tn Or “their works.”]

Paul’s Sufferings for Christ

¹⁶I say again, let no one think that I am a fool. But if you do, then at least accept me as a fool, so that I too may boast a little.[#tn Or “am foolish.”]

¹⁷What I am saying with this boastful confidence I do not say the way the Lord would. Instead it is, as it were, foolishness.[#tn Grk “with this confidence of boasting.” The genitive καυχήσεως (kauchsew") has been translated as an attributed genitive (the noun in the genitive gives an attribute of the noun modified).; #tn Or “say with the Lord’s authority.”]

¹⁸Since many are boasting according to human standards, I too will boast.[#sn Many is a reference to Paul’s opponents.; #tn Grk “according to the flesh.”]

¹⁹For since you are so wise, you put up with fools gladly.[#tn Or “you tolerate.”]

²⁰For you put up with it if someone makes slaves of you, if someone exploits you, if someone takes advantage of you, if someone behaves arrogantly toward you, if someone strikes you in the face.[#tn Or “you tolerate.”; #tn See L&N 88.212.]

²¹(To my disgrace I must say that we were too weak for that!) But whatever anyone else dares to boast about (I am speaking foolishly), I also dare to boast about the same thing.[#tn Or “my shame.”; #sn It seems best, in context, to see the statement we were too weak for that as a parenthetical and ironic comment by Paul on his physical condition (weakness or sickness) while he was with the Corinthians (cf. 2 Cor 12:7-10; Gal 4:15).; #tn The words “to boast about” are not in the Greek text, but are implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, and this phrase serves as the direct object of the preceding verb.; #tn Grk “I also dare”; the words “to boast about the same thing” are not in the Greek text, but are implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, and this phrase serves as the direct object of the preceding verb.]

²²Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I.

²³Are they servants of Christ? (I am talking like I am out of my mind!) I am even more so: with much greater labors, with far more imprisonments, with more severe beatings, facing death many times.

²⁴Five times I received from the Jews forty lashes less one.[#tn Grk “forty less one”; this was a standard sentence. “Lashes” is supplied to clarify for the modern reader what is meant.]

²⁵Three times I was beaten with a rod. Once I received a stoning. Three times I suffered shipwreck. A night and a day I spent adrift in the open sea.[#sn Beaten with a rod refers to the Roman punishment of admonitio according to BDAG 902 s.v. ῥαβδίζω. Acts 16:22 describes one of these occasions in Philippi; in this case it was administered by the city magistrates, who had wide powers in a military colony.; #sn Received a stoning. See Acts 14:19, where this incident is described.]

²⁶I have been on journeys many times, in dangers from rivers, in dangers from robbers, in dangers from my own countrymen, in dangers from Gentiles, in dangers in the city, in dangers in the wilderness, in dangers at sea, in dangers from false brothers,[#tn Or “bandits.” The word normally refers more to highwaymen (“robbers”) but can also refer to insurrectionists or revolutionaries (“bandits”).; #tn Or “desert.”]

²⁷in hard work and toil, through many sleepless nights, in hunger and thirst, many times without food, in cold and without enough clothing.[#tn The two different words for labor are translated “in hard work and toil” by L&N 42.48.; #tn Grk “in cold and nakedness.” Paul does not mean complete nakedness, however, which would have been repugnant to a Jew; he refers instead to the lack of sufficient clothing, especially in cold weather. A related word is used to 1 Cor 4:11, also in combination with experiencing hunger and thirst.]

²⁸Apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxious concern for all the churches.[#sn Apart from other things. Paul refers here either (1) to the external sufferings just mentioned, or (2) he refers to other things he has left unmentioned.; #tn “Anxious concern,” so translated in L&N 25.224.]

²⁹Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who is led into sin, and I do not burn with indignation?[#tn Or “who is caused to stumble.”]

³⁰If I must boast, I will boast about the things that show my weakness.[#tn Grk “If boasting is necessary.”; #tn Or “about the things related to my weakness.”]

³¹The God and Father of the Lord Jesus, who is blessed forever, knows I am not lying.

³²In Damascus, the governor under King Aretas was guarding the city of Damascus in order to arrest me,[#tn Grk “ethnarch.”sn The governor was an official called an ethnarch who was appointed to rule over a particular area or constituency on behalf of a king.; #tn Grk “the city of the Damascenes.”; #tn Or “to seize,” “to catch.”]

³³but I was let down in a rope-basket through a window in the city wall, and escaped his hands.[#tn In Acts 9:25 the same basket used in Paul’s escape is called a σπυρίς (spuri"), a basket larger than a κόφινος (kofinos). It was very likely made out of rope, so the translation “rope-basket” is used.]