1 Corinthians addresses the practical and doctrinal problems facing the church in Corinth, a cosmopolitan city known for its immorality and social division. Paul confronts church divisions, sexual immorality, legal disputes, worship problems, confusion about spiritual gifts, and doubts about resurrection. The letter balances loving correction with solid doctrinal teaching, establishing fundamental principles for church life. The apostle emphasizes unity in Christ, practical holiness, and love as the most excellent way to exercise spiritual gifts.