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1Then the whole assembly got up and brought Him before Pilate.
2They began to accuse Jesus, asserting, “We found this Man misleading and perverting our nation and forbidding us to pay taxes to Caesar, and claiming that He Himself is Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed), a King.” [Matt 27:11-14; Mark 15:2-5; John 18:29-37]
3So Pilate asked Him, “Are You the King of the Jews?” And He answered him, “ It is just as you say.”
4Then Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, “I find no guilt in this Man.”
5But they were insistent and said, “He stirs up the people [to rebel], teaching throughout Judea, starting from Galilee even as far as here [in Jerusalem].”
6When Pilate heard it, he asked whether the man was a Galilean.
7And when he learned that He belonged to the jurisdiction of Herod [Antipas, the tetrarch of Galilee], he sent Him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem at that time.[#23:7 See note Matt 22:17.]
8When Herod saw Jesus, he was exceedingly pleased. He had wanted to see Him for a long time because of what he had heard about Him, and was hoping to see some [miraculous] sign [even something spectacular] done by Him.
9And he questioned Him at some length, but Jesus made no reply. [Is 53:7]
10The chief priests and the scribes were standing there, continually accusing Him heatedly.
11And Herod with his soldiers, after treating Him with contempt and mocking and ridiculing Him, dressed Him in a gorgeous robe and sent Him back to Pilate. [Is 53:8]
12Now that very day Herod and Pilate became friends with each other—before this they had been enemies.
13Pilate summoned the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
14and said to them, “You brought this man before me as one who corrupts and incites the people to rebellion. After examining Him before you, I have found no guilt in this Man regarding the charges which you make against Him.
15No, nor has Herod, for he sent Him back to us; and indeed, He has done nothing to deserve death.
16Therefore I will punish Him [to teach Him a lesson] and release Him.”
17[Now he was obligated to release to them one prisoner at the Feast.][#23:17 Most early mss do not contain this verse.]
18But they [loudly] shouted out all together, saying, “Away with this Man, and release Barabbas to us!” [Matt 27:15-26; Mark 15:6-15; John 18:39-19:16]
19(He was one who had been thrown into prison for an insurrection that happened in the city, and for murder.)
20Pilate addressed them again, wanting to release Jesus,
21but they kept shouting out, “Crucify, crucify Him!”
22A third time he said to them, “Why, what wrong has He done? I have found no guilt [no crime, no offense] in Him demanding death; therefore I will punish Him [to teach Him a lesson] and release Him.”
23But they were insistent and unrelenting, demanding with loud voices that Jesus be crucified. And their voices began to prevail and accomplish their purpose.
24Pilate pronounced sentence that their demand be granted.
25And he released the man they were asking for who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder, but he handed over Jesus to their will.
26When they led Him away, they seized a man, Simon of Cyrene, who was coming in [to the city] from the country, and placed on him the cross to carry behind Jesus. [Matt 27:32; Mark 15:21][#23:26 The father of Alexander and Rufus, disciples in Rome.; #23:26 A port city in north Africa.; #23:26 The crossbeam was usually placed on the nape of the neck like a yoke.]
27Following Him was a large crowd of the people, including women who were mourning and wailing for Him.
28But Jesus, turning toward them, said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for Me, but weep for yourselves and for your children.
29For behold, the days are coming when they will say, ‘Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that have not given birth, and the breasts that have never nursed.’
30Then they will begin to say to the mountains , ‘F all on us !’ and to the hills , ‘C over us !’ [Is 2:19, 20; Hos 10:8; Rev 6:16]
31For if they do these things when the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry?”[#23:31 A proverb meaning if the innocent has to suffer what will happen to the guilty.]
32Two others also, who were criminals, were being led away to be executed with Him. [Is 53:12]
33When they came to the place called The Skull, there they crucified Him and the criminals, one on the right and one on the left. [Matt 27:33-44; Mark 15:22-32; John 19:17-24][#23:33 Latin: Calvarius; or Calvary; Aram: Golgotha; Greek: Kranion .]
34And Jesus was saying, “Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing.” And they cast lots, dividing His clothes among themselves. [Ps 22:18][#23:34 Some early mss do not contain the words “And Jesus was saying…doing.”]
35Now the people stood by, watching; but even the rulers ridiculed and sneered at Him, saying, “He saved others [from death]; let Him save Himself if He is the Christ (the Messiah, the Anointed) of God, His Chosen One.”
36The soldiers also mocked Him, coming up to Him and [cruelly] offering Him sour wine, [Ps 69:21; Matt 27:48; Mark 15:36f; John 19:29, 30]
37and sarcastically saying, “If you are [really] the King of the Jews, save Yourself [from death]!”
38Now there was also an inscription above Him: “THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.”
39One of the criminals who had been hanged [on a cross beside Him] kept hurling abuse at Him, saying, “Are You not the Christ? Save Yourself and us [from death]!”
40But the other one rebuked him, saying, “Do you not even fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation?
41We are suffering justly, because we are getting what we deserve for what we have done; but this Man has done nothing wrong.”
42And he was saying, “Jesus, [please] remember me when You come into Your kingdom!”
43Jesus said to him, “I assure you and most solemnly say to you, today you will be with Me in Paradise.” [2 Cor 12:4; Rev 2:7][#23:43 I.e. possibly the third heaven, the special place or “garden” (Gen 2:8-10) between death and resurrection.]
44It was now about the sixth hour (noon), and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour (3:00 p.m.), [Matt 27:45-56; Mark 15:33-41; John 19:14]
45because the sun was obscured; and the veil [of the Holy of Holies] of the temple was torn in two [from top to bottom]. [Ex 26:31-35][#23:45 Lit failing . The language that Luke uses is found elsewhere in Greek literature to describe an eclipse.; #23:45 The tearing of the veil established the institution of a new, direct way of communication between God and mankind. The sacrificial death of Christ nullified the need for priestly intervention between God and man, and abolished the need for animal sacrifice.]
46And Jesus, crying out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into Y our hands I commit M y spirit !” Having said this, He breathed His last. [Ps 31:5]
47Now when the centurion saw what had taken place, he began praising and honoring God, saying, “Certainly this Man was innocent.”
48All the crowds who had gathered for this spectacle, when they saw what had happened, began to return [to their homes], beating their breasts [as a sign of mourning or repentance].
49And all His acquaintances and the women who had accompanied Him from Galilee were standing at a distance, watching these things.
50A man named Joseph, who was a member of the Council (Sanhedrin, Jewish High Court), a good and honorable man [Matt 27:57-61; Mark 15:42-47; John 19:38-42]
51(he had not consented to the Council’s plan and action) a man from Arimathea, a city of the Jews, who was waiting for and expecting the kingdom of God;
52this man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
53And [after receiving permission] he took it down and wrapped it in a linen [burial] cloth and laid Him in a tomb cut into the rock, where no one had yet been laid.
54It was the day of preparation [for the Sabbath], and the Sabbath was dawning.
55Now the women who had come with Him from Galilee followed [closely], and saw the tomb and how His body was laid.
56Then they went back and prepared spices and ointments and sweet-smelling herbs.
A nd on the Sabbath they rested in accordance with the commandment [forbidding work]. [Ex 12:16; 20:10]