Hebrews 3

Hebrews 3

Jesus and Moses

1Therefore, holy brothers and sisters, partners in a heavenly calling, take note of Jesus, the apostle and high priest whom we confess,[#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.; #tn Grk “of our confession.”]

2who is faithful to the one who appointed him, as Moses was also in God’s house.[#tn Grk “his”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.; #tc ‡ The reading adopted by the translation follows a few early mss and some versions (Ì13,46vid B vgms co Ambr). The majority of mss (א A C D Ψ 0243 0278 33 1739 1881 Ï lat sy) insert “all” (“in all his house”), apparently in anticipation of Heb 3:5 which quotes directly from Num 12:7. On balance, the omission better explains the rise of ὅλῳ ({olw, “all”) than vice versa. NA27 puts ὅλῳ in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.]

3For he has come to deserve greater glory than Moses, just as the builder of a house deserves greater honor than the house itself!

4For every house is built by someone, but the builder of all things is God.

5Now Moses was faithful in all God’s house as a servant, to testify to the things that would be spoken.[#tn Grk “his”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.; #sn A quotation from Num 12:7.]

6But Christ is faithful as a son over God’s house. We are of his house, if in fact we hold firmly to our confidence and the hope we take pride in.[#sn The Greek makes the contrast between v. 5 and v. 6a more emphatic and explicit than is easily done in English.; #tn Grk “his”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.; #tn Grk “whose house we are,” continuing the previous sentence.; #tc The reading adopted by the translation is found in Ì13,46 B sa, while the vast majority of mss (א A C D Ψ 0243 0278 33 1739 1881 Ï latt) add μέχρι τέλους βεβαίαν (mecri telou" bebaian, “secure until the end”). The external evidence for the omission, though minimal, has excellent credentials. Considering the internal factors, B. M. Metzger (TCGNT 595) finds it surprising that the feminine adjective βεβαίαν should modify the neuter noun καύχημα (kauchma, here translated “we take pride”), a fact that suggests that even the form of the word was borrowed from another place. Since the same phrase occurs at Heb 3:14, it is likely that later scribes added it here at Heb 3:6 in anticipation of Heb 3:14. While these words belong at 3:14, they seem foreign to 3:6.; #tn Grk “the pride of our hope.”]

Exposition of Psalm 95: Hearing God’s Word in Faith

7Therefore, as the Holy Spirit says,[#sn The following quotation is from Ps 95:7b-11.]

“,

8“, .

9“, .[#tn Grk “tested me by trial.”]

10“, , ‘Their hearts are always wandering . ’[#tn Grk “they are wandering in the heart.”]

11“, ‘They will never enter my rest! ’”[#tn Grk “if they shall enter my rest,” a Hebrew idiom expressing an oath that something will certainly not happen.]

12See to it, brothers and sisters, that none of you has an evil, unbelieving heart that forsakes the living God.[#tn Or “take care.”; #tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.; #tn Grk “that there not be in any of you.”; #tn Or “deserts,” “rebels against.”; #tn Grk “in forsaking the living God.”]

13But exhort one another each day, as long as it is called “Today,” that none of you may become hardened by sin’s deception.

14For we have become partners with Christ, if in fact we hold our initial confidence firm until the end.[#tn Grk “the beginning of the confidence.”]

15As it says, “, Do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion .”[#tn Grk “while it is said.”; #tn Grk “today if you hear his voice.”; #sn A quotation from Ps 95:7b-8.]

16For which ones heard and rebelled? Was it not all who came out of Egypt under Moses’ leadership?[#tn Grk “through Moses.”]

17And against whom was God provoked for forty years? Was it not those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness ?[#tn Grk “he”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.; #sn An allusion to God’s judgment pronounced in Num 14:29, 32.]

18And to whom did he swear they would never enter into his rest, except those who were disobedient?

19So we see that they could not enter because of unbelief.[#tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “So” to indicate a summary or conclusion to the argument of the preceding paragraph.]

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