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1O God, do not be silent!
Do not ignore us! Do not be inactive, O God!
2For look, your enemies are making a commotion;
those who hate you are hostile.
3They carefully plot against your people,[#tn Heb “they make crafty a plot.”]
and make plans to harm the ones you cherish.
4They say, “Come on, let’s annihilate them so they are no longer a nation![#tn Heb “we will cause them to disappear from [being] a nation.”]
Then the name of Israel will be remembered no more.”
5Yes, they devise a unified strategy;[#tn Or “for.”; #tn Heb “they consult [with] a heart together.”]
they form an alliance against you.
6It includes the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites,[#tn The words “it includes” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.]
Moab and the Hagrites,
7Gebal, Ammon, and Amalek,[#sn Some identify Gebal with the Phoenician coastal city of Byblos (see Ezek 27:9, where the name is spelled differently), though others locate this site south of the Dead Sea (see BDB 148 s.v. גְּבַל; HALOT 174 s.v. גְּבַל).]
Philistia and the inhabitants of Tyre.
8Even Assyria has allied with them,
lending its strength to the descendants of Lot. (Selah)
9Do to them as you did to Midian –[#tn Heb “do to them like Midian.”]
as you did to Sisera and Jabin at the Kishon River!
10They were destroyed at Endor;[#sn Endor is not mentioned in the accounts of Gideon’s or Barak’s victories, but both battles took place in the general vicinity of the town. (See Y. Aharoni and M. Avi-Yonah, The Macmillan Bible Atlas, 46, 54.) Because Sisera and Jabin are mentioned in v. 9b, many understand them to be the subject of the verbs in v. 10, though they relate v. 10 to Gideon’s victory, which is referred to in v. 9a, 11. (See, for example, Y. Aharoni, The Land of the Bible, 263.)]
their corpses were like manure on the ground.
11Make their nobles like Oreb and Zeeb,[#sn Oreb and Zeeb were the generals of the Midianite army that was defeated by Gideon. The Ephraimites captured and executed both of them and sent their heads to Gideon (Judg 7:24-25).]
and all their rulers like Zebah and Zalmunna,
12who said, “Let’s take over the pastures of God!”[#tn The translation assumes that “Zebah and Zalmunna” are the antecedents of the relative pronoun (“who [said]”). Another option is to take “their nobles…all their rulers” as the antecedent and to translate, “those who say.”; #tn Heb “let’s take possession for ourselves.”]
13O my God, make them like dead thistles,[#tn Or “tumbleweed.” The Hebrew noun גַּלְגַּל (galgal) refers to a “wheel” or, metaphorically, to a whirling wind (see Ps 77:18). If taken in the latter sense here, one could understand the term as a metonymical reference to dust blown by a whirlwind (cf. NRSV “like whirling dust”). However, HALOT 190 s.v. II גַּלְגַּל understands the noun as a homonym referring to a “dead thistle” here and in Isa 17:13. The parallel line, which refers to קַשׁ (qash, “chaff”), favors this interpretation.]
like dead weeds blown away by the wind!
14Like the fire that burns down the forest,
or the flames that consume the mountainsides,
15chase them with your gale winds,
and terrify them with your windstorm.
16Cover their faces with shame,[#tn Heb “fill.”]
so they might seek you, O Lord .
17May they be humiliated and continually terrified![#tn Heb “and may they be terrified to perpetuity.” The Hebrew expression עֲדֵי־עַד (’adey-’ad, “to perpetuity”) can mean “forevermore” (see Pss 92:7; 132:12, 14), but here it may be used hyperbolically, for the psalmist asks that the experience of judgment might lead the nations to recognize (v. 18) and even to seek (v. 16) God.]
May they die in shame!
18Then they will know that you alone are the Lord ,[#tn After the preceding jussives (v. 17), the prefixed verbal form with prefixed vav (ו) indicates purpose (“so that they may know”) or result.; #tn Heb “that you, your name [is] the Lord, you alone.”]
the sovereign king over all the earth.