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1After these events King Artaxerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, a Bougean, and exalted him, and would seat him first among all the king’s Friends.[#v 10 ; Esth 5.11; Add Esth 8.3, 5; 9.24; #3.1 Gk all his]
2So all who were at court used to do obeisance to Haman, for so the king had commanded to be done. Mordecai, however, did not do obeisance.[#Add Esth 5.9; #3.2 Gk him]
3Then the king’s courtiers said to Mordecai, “Mordecai, why do you disobey the king’s command?”[#v 2]
4Day after day they spoke to him, but he would not listen to them. Then they informed Haman that Mordecai was resisting the king’s command. Mordecai had told them that he was a Jew.
5So when Haman learned that Mordecai was not doing obeisance to him, he became furiously angry[#Dan 3.19]
6and resolved to destroy all the Jews under Artaxerxes’s rule.
7In the twelfth year of the reign of Artaxerxes, Haman came to a decision and cast lots, taking the days and the months one by one, to fix on one day to destroy the whole people of Mordecai. The lot fell on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar.[#Esth 3.7; 9.24, 26; #3.7 Gk he; #3.7 Other ancient witnesses read thirteenth]
8Then Haman said to King Artaxerxes, “There is a certain nation scattered among the other nations in all your kingdom; their laws are different from those of every other nation, and they do not keep the laws of the king. It is not expedient for the king to tolerate them.[#Ezra 4.12, 13; Acts 16.20, 21; #3.8 Gk he]
9If it pleases the king, let him decree that they are to be destroyed, and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver into the king’s treasury.”
10So the king took off his signet ring and gave it to Haman to seal the decree that was to be written against the Jews.[#Gen 41.42; Add Esth 8.2; #3.10 Gk lacks the decree]
11The king told Haman, “Keep the money, and do whatever you want with that nation.”
12So on the thirteenth day of the first month the king’s secretaries were summoned, and in accordance with Haman’s instructions they wrote in the name of King Artaxerxes to the magistrates and the governors in every province from India to Ethiopia, one hundred twenty-seven provinces in all, and to the governors of the nations, each in his own language.[#Esth 8.9; Add Esth 1.22; 8.8–10]
13Instructions were sent by couriers throughout all the empire of Artaxerxes to destroy the Jewish people in a single day of the twelfth month, which is Adar, and to plunder their goods. ———[#Add Esth 7.4]