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1Then Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem and said,[#Mk 7:1–23.]
2“Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They do not wash [their] hands when they eat a meal.”[#Lk 11:38.; #: see note on Mk 7:5. The purpose of the handwashing was to remove defilement caused by contact with what was ritually unclean.]
3He said to them in reply, “And why do you break the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition?[#For the commandment see Ex 20:12 (// Dt 5:16); 21:17. The honoring of one’s parents had to do with supporting them in their needs.]
4For God said, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and ‘Whoever curses father or mother shall die.’[#Ex 20:12; 21:17; Lv 20:9; Dt 5:16; Prv 20:20.]
5But you say, ‘Whoever says to father or mother, “Any support you might have had from me is dedicated to God,”[#See note on Mk 7:11.]
6need not honor his father.’ You have nullified the word of God for the sake of your tradition.
7Hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy about you when he said:
8‘This people honors me with their lips,[#Is 29:13 LXX.; #The text of Is 29:13 is quoted approximately according to the Septuagint.]
but their hearts are far from me;
9in vain do they worship me,[#Col 2:23.]
teaching as doctrines human precepts.’”
10He summoned the crowd and said to them, “Hear and understand.[#Mk 7:14.]
11It is not what enters one’s mouth that defiles that person; but what comes out of the mouth is what defiles one.”
12Then his disciples approached and said to him, “Do you know that the Pharisees took offense when they heard what you said?”
13He said in reply, “Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted.[#Jesus leads his disciples away from the teaching authority of the Pharisees.]
14Let them alone; they are blind guides (of the blind). If a blind person leads a blind person, both will fall into a pit.”[#23:16, 19, 24; Lk 6:39; Jn 9:40.]
15Then Peter said to him in reply, “Explain [this] parable to us.”[#Matthew specifies as the questioner, unlike Mk 7:17. Given his tendency to present the disciples as more understanding than in his Marcan source, it is noteworthy that here he retains the Marcan rebuke, although in a slightly milder form. This may be due to his wish to correct the Jewish Christians within his church who still held to the food laws and thus separated themselves from Gentile Christians who did not observe them.]
16He said to them, “Are even you still without understanding?
17Do you not realize that everything that enters the mouth passes into the stomach and is expelled into the latrine?
18But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and they defile.[#12:34.]
19For from the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, unchastity, theft, false witness, blasphemy.[#The Marcan list of thirteen things that defile (Mk 7:21–22) is here reduced to seven that partially cover the content of the Decalogue.]
20These are what defile a person, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile.”
The Canaanite Woman’s Faith.
21Then Jesus went from that place and withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon.[#Mk 7:24–30.]
22And behold, a Canaanite woman of that district came and called out, “Have pity on me, Lord, Son of David! My daughter is tormented by a demon.”
23But he did not say a word in answer to her. His disciples came and asked him, “Send her away, for she keeps calling out after us.”
24He said in reply, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”[#See note on Mt 10:5–6.]
25But the woman came and did him homage, saying, “Lord, help me.”[#10:6.]
26He said in reply, “It is not right to take the food of the children and throw it to the dogs.”[#: the people of Israel. : see note on Mt 7:6.]
27She said, “Please, Lord, for even the dogs eat the scraps that fall from the table of their masters.”
28Then Jesus said to her in reply, “O woman, great is your faith! Let it be done for you as you wish.” And her daughter was healed from that hour.[#8:10.; #As in the case of the cure of the centurion’s servant (Mt 8:10), Matthew ascribes Jesus’ granting the request to the woman’s , a point not made equally explicit in the Marcan parallel (Mk 7:24–30).]
The Healing of Many People.
29Moving on from there Jesus walked by the Sea of Galilee, went up on the mountain, and sat down there.
30Great crowds came to him, having with them the lame, the blind, the deformed, the mute, and many others. They placed them at his feet, and he cured them.[#Is 35:5–6.]
31The crowds were amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the deformed made whole, the lame walking, and the blind able to see, and they glorified the God of Israel.
The Feeding of the Four Thousand.
32Jesus summoned his disciples and said, “My heart is moved with pity for the crowd, for they have been with me now for three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away hungry, for fear they may collapse on the way.”[#Mk 8:1–10.]
33The disciples said to him, “Where could we ever get enough bread in this deserted place to satisfy such a crowd?”
34Jesus said to them, “How many loaves do you have?” “Seven,” they replied, “and a few fish.”
35He ordered the crowd to sit down on the ground.
36Then he took the seven loaves and the fish, gave thanks, broke the loaves, and gave them to the disciples, who in turn gave them to the crowds.[#: see Mt 14:19, “said the blessing.” There is no difference in meaning. The thanksgiving was a blessing of God for his benefits.]
37They all ate and were satisfied. They picked up the fragments left over—seven baskets full.[#16:10.]
38Those who ate were four thousand men, not counting women and children.
39And when he had dismissed the crowds, he got into the boat and came to the district of Magadan.